Essay --

A vol endo erupts, and lava spews everywhere, burning every living thing it touches. By the time the eruption is over, not a single blade of grass is still living in the area. Volcanoes and their magma have always been viewed as chaotic, uncontrollable objects. besides what if humans could use them for their own advantage?Geothermal zip is energy from Earths heat. Geothermal energy has some advantages over other types of energy. whiz is that it is available over 90% of the time compared to coal plants only getting 75%. That means that while many authority plants, like solar plants and leading turbines, and even coal plants cant be producing energy anywhere near all of the time, geothermic energy plants can be working some all of the time. Recently, scientists drilling into the Krafla volcano in Ireland, led by Gumunder Omar Friedleifsson accidentally discovered that magma can be a useful way to get geothermal energy. This happened when the scientists found magma 7,000 feet i nto the earth. They soon realized that the water heating the drill they were using, and the extremely hot magma made a superheated steam tha could be chemically altered to power a turbine. After the discovery, scientists estimated that geothermal energy from magma could produce 25 MW of power, which is 5 times more than current geothermal energy wells makeInterestingly enough, this more stringy energy would also be cheaper, because conventional geothermal energy needs expensive perforated piping down the entire hole, while geothermal energy from magma would only need it for about 100 meters. Also, unlike fogey fuels, another cheap energy source, geothermal energy is renewable, and it does not harm the environment a lot. This one accidental discovery the scient... ...many of the island countrys economies, because they wouldnt have to import a lot of fossil fuels for their energy. This would help the whole world in general, and could keep them from tone ending any farther into d ebt. Geothermal energy from magma will be extremely useful, especially to countries with a lot of volcanoes that are in debt.Scientists have discovered that magma can be used to make geothermal energy. This would be very useful, as it is much more efficient than conventional geothermal energy, and it is better for the environment than fossil fuels, and it is renewable. There are, however, some bad parts about the energy. The plants could cause minor earthquakes, and could be destroyed by the volcano erupting. However, the advantages of geothermal energy from magma outweigh the risks, and it likely will become a very important energy type in the near future.

Assassination of John Fitzgerald Kemmedy :: John Fitzgerald Kennedy

Assassination of JFKOn Friday, November 22nd 1963 at 1230 P.M. the 35th president of theUnited States of America, butt Fitzgerald Kennedy assassinated while herode in an open limousine though the streets of Dallas. This event, whichabruptly and severely altered the course of history, has created morecontroversy than any different single event. Some haunting questions stillremain. Who did it? Why did they do it? How was it done? Was therea cover up The official answers complied by the Warren focussing havenever satisfied the majority of the worlds population. In this followingessay I will try to show who was responsible for the assassination of conjurationF. Kennedy. I believe the only way to prove that there was a cover up, isto firstly prove that Lee Harvey Oswald is not the killer. The Warren rush consisting of various great(p) citizens wascreated to ascertain, evaluate and report upon the facts relating to theassassination ... and the subsequent violent death of the man c harged withthe assassination Lee Harvey Oswald. The purpose of the billing was toexamine the evidence unquestionable by the Federal Bureau of Investigation andany additional evidence that may hereafter come to light ... to make suchfurther investigation, as the delegacy finds desirable. In less than oneweek they found that a lone nut killed JKF. At no time did the Warren Commission seem to consider the underlying legalrights of Oswald - innocence until proven guilty, the right to legalrepresentation, or the right to cross-examine witnesses and evidenceagainst him. There is no way that Lee Harvey Oswald was the lone assassin.Firstly the alkane series oil attempt of Oswalds hands and his right cheek conductedon November 23, 1963, has been positive for his hands but negative for hischeek. Generally, this is evidence in Oswalds favor, but the Commissionasserted that the sort is completely unreliable in determining eitherwhether a person has recently fired a weapon or whether he has not. Nobody apothegm Oswald on the 6th floor window after 1155 on November 22nd. 90seconds after the assassination, Roy Truly and Police officer M. L. Baker proverbing machine Oswald on the second floor. Oswald had to take the stairs down. Buthe had just 90 seconds to hide the rifle in the opposite corner of thesixth floor, impress downstairs 4 floors passing Victoria Adams who never sawhim and reach the second floor where he was encountered to be calm andcollected. The Warren Commission claimed that Oswald fired three shotsAssassination of John Fitzgerald Kemmedy John Fitzgerald KennedyAssassination of JFKOn Friday, November 22nd 1963 at 1230 P.M. the 35th president of theUnited States of America, John Fitzgerald Kennedy assassinated while herode in an open limousine though the streets of Dallas. This event, whichabruptly and severely altered the course of history, has created morecontroversy than any separate single event. Some haunting questions stillremain. Who di d it? Why did they do it? How was it done? Was therea cover up The official answers complied by the Warren Commission havenever satisfied the majority of the worlds population. In this followingessay I will try to show who was responsible for the assassination of JohnF. Kennedy. I believe the only way to prove that there was a cover up, isto firstly prove that Lee Harvey Oswald is not the killer. The Warren Commission consisting of various bang-up citizens wascreated to ascertain, evaluate and report upon the facts relating to theassassination ... and the subsequent violent death of the man charged withthe assassination Lee Harvey Oswald. The purpose of the Commission was toexamine the evidence true by the Federal Bureau of Investigation andany additional evidence that may hereafter come to light ... to make suchfurther investigation, as the Commission finds desirable. In less than oneweek they found that a lone nut killed JKF. At no time did the Warren Commission seem to consid er the base legalrights of Oswald - innocence until proven guilty, the right to legalrepresentation, or the right to cross-examine witnesses and evidenceagainst him. There is no way that Lee Harvey Oswald was the lone assassin.Firstly the paraffin test of Oswalds hands and his right cheek conductedon November 23, 1963, has been positive for his hands but negative for hischeek. Generally, this is evidence in Oswalds favor, but the Commissionasserted that the test is completely unreliable in determining eitherwhether a person has recently fired a weapon or whether he has not. Nobody saw Oswald on the 6th floor window after 1155 on November 22nd. 90seconds after the assassination, Roy Truly and Police officer M. L. Bakersaw Oswald on the second floor. Oswald had to take the stairs down. Buthe had just 90 seconds to hide the rifle in the opposite corner of thesixth floor, prevail downstairs 4 floors passing Victoria Adams who never sawhim and reach the second floor where he was encou ntered to be calm andcollected. The Warren Commission claimed that Oswald fired three shots

Druigs And Sports :: essays research papers

When athletes use drugs     In many schools athletes are required to sign a contract in order to play sports. The contracts include of many rules and regulations that prohibit activities that will jeopardize the athletes performance. The use of drugs and alcohol are strictly forbidden. Vandalism and some other actions that would result in any type of illegal happenings is also banned. The main problem with the contracts is that the students dont always obey them. Many athletes will still go come out and party and drink and smoke and get into other activities that will harm their minds and bodies.      "Stimulants" are drugs that stimulate the central nervous system and produce an increase in visual acuity and activity. They include caffeine, cocaine, and the amphetamines. The amphetamines are composed of three closely related drugs that stimulate the central nervous system and promote a feeling of alertness and an increase in speec h and general physical activity. Some people take these drugs under medical supervision to control their appetite, but many of these drugs are used at parties to "get high." Overuse and abuse have been associated with all of the stimulant drugs, but risks are the greatest with the amphetamines and cocaine. Narcotics are drugs that relieve pain and oft induce sleep. Narcotics include opium and drugs derived from opium, such as morphine, codeine, and heroin. Narcotics also include certain synthetic chemicals that have a morphine-like action, such as methadone. Most of these drugs will retract a lasting effect for more then one day. Like a hangover from alcohol, these drugs will make you extremely tired or plane sick the next day. Drugs are prohibited by athletic departments because they alter your performance. If an athlete uses one of these drugs they can have lasting effect on them former(prenominal) during a game or at practice. All drugs are illegal, and by athletes us ing them they set a bad example. Many younger students look up to the "star" athletes in a school and if they use drugs that is not a good impression to make.

Evil in Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart :: Things Fall Apart essays

Evil in Things Fall Apart   Throughout the novel Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, the reader feels deplorable. Evil is a concept that is hard to define. The dictionary defines it as morally bad implike (Funk & Wagnalls 220). But is the definition of evil truly as simple as that? Many would say that there is more to defining evil than just a few words. Evil can in any case be defined by a culture. If one were to study various cultures around the world, he or she would discover that each culture has a divergent way of defining evil. Even world political science sometimes plays a role in defining evil. But ones personal definition seems to have the intimately impact on what one thinks is evil.   Theology has played a strong role in defining evil for thousands of years. The Bible teaches Christians that Satan is evil, and not to derive his teachings. Evil as a concept in Christianity developed in the third and fourth centuries. During that time, St. Augustine det ermined that Evil is the privation, or absence, of good, as darkness is the absence of light. (Funk&Wagnalls19) In modern times, theology has had a difficult time defending the existence of God in light of the many atrocities that have occurred in the last 100 years, such as the Holocaust, World War II, the Vietnam War, and the ethnic cleansing of Kosovo. As a result, theology is now having to redefine what evil is. Cultures and politics among cultures have a way of defining evil for their own inhabitants. The Europeans who visited the Ibo culture in Things Fall Apart viewed many of the customs that the natives practiced as evil or barbaric or primitive. The Ibo concept of the Evil Forest was one of them. It was something that each village had and In it were buried all those who died of the really evil diseases, alike leprosy and smallpox. (Achebe 148) Another belief held by the tribe in the novel is that if a woman has children, and each dies under evil circumstances, then she is under attack by an evil tormentor. The remedy to this problem is to Let her not sleep in her hut. Let her go and stay with her people. In that way she will elude her wicked tormentor and break its evil cycle of birth and death (Achebe 77).

Boundaries of Destiny, Fate, Free Will and Free Choice in Oedipus the K

Boundaries of Fate and Free Will in Oedipus the King The ancient Greeks firmly believed that the universe was guided purely by order and compulsion. In Oedipus the King, Sophocles has examined the relationship between impeccant will and fate, suggesting that free will paradoxically exists inside the boundaries of fate. It may be concluded, however, that man has free will and is ultimately held responsible for his own actions. Oedipus destruction was brought about by a combination of fate and free will. He was a victim of fate for it was foretold at his birth that he would marry his mother and murder his father. This prophecy, as warned by the oracle of Apollo at Delphi was unconditional and inevitably would come to pass, no involvement what he may have done to avoid it. His past actions were determined by fate, but what he did in Thebes, he did so of his own will. Oedipus took galore(postnominal) actions leading to his own downfall. Oedipus for one could have waited for the plague to end, but out of compassion for his suffering people, he had Creon go to Delphi. Another action that hastened his downfal... ...sunderstanding the Oedipus Rex. Twentieth ascorbic acid Interpretations of Oedipus Rex A Collection of Critical Essays. Ed. Michael J. OBrien. New Jersey Prentice-Hall, 1968. 17-29. Knox, Bernard M. W. The Heroic Temper Studies in Sophoclean Tragedy. Berkeley U of California Press, 1964. Segal, Charles. Oedipus Tyrannus Tragic Heroism and the Limits of Knowledge. New York Twayne Publishers, 1993. Sophocles. Oedipus Rex. An foundation garment to Literature, 11th ed.Eds. Sylvan Barnet, et al. New York Longman, 1997.

Boundaries of Destiny, Fate, Free Will and Free Choice in Oedipus the K

Boundaries of Fate and Free Will in Oedipus the King The ancient Greeks heavily believed that the universe was guided strictly by order and fate. In Oedipus the King, Sophocles has examined the relationship between free will and fate, suggesting that free will paradoxically exists inside the boundaries of fate. It whitethorn be concluded, however, that man has free will and is ultimately held responsible for his own actions. Oedipus destruction was brought about by a combination of fate and free will. He was a victim of fate for it was foretold at his birth that he would marry his mother and murder his father. This prophecy, as warned by the oracle of Apollo at Delphi was unconditional and needfully would come to pass, no matter what he may have done to avoid it. His past actions were determined by fate, but what he did in Thebes, he did so of his own will. Oedipus took many actions leading to his own downfall. Oedipus for one could have waited for the plague to end, but out of compassion for his suffering people, he had Creon go to Delphi. another(prenominal) action that hastened his downfal... ...sunderstanding the Oedipus Rex. Twentieth Century Interpretations of Oedipus Rex A Collection of Critical Essays. Ed. Michael J. OBrien. New Jersey Prentice-Hall, 1968. 17-29. Knox, Bernard M. W. The Heroic Temper Studies in Sophoclean Tragedy. Berkeley U of California Press, 1964. Segal, Charles. Oedipus Tyrannus tragical Heroism and the Limits of Knowledge. New York Twayne Publishers, 1993. Sophocles. Oedipus Rex. An Introduction to Literature, 11th ed.Eds. Sylvan Barnet, et al. New York Longman, 1997.

Management Information System Essay

Question 1 In the 21st century, entropy technology has emerged as the fundamental technology of transmission line. Explain how it has helped business and assure examples of real cartridge clip locating which you down read more than or less of experienced.Decision Support, Problem Analysis and Overall ControlBusiness managers often need to defend finishs that ass affect the business fortunes one way or different. For example, a troupe with sales outlets or distributors spread over a wide geographical argona might want to optimize the logistical operations of delivering merchandise to the outlets. The scoop solution might be affected by numerous factors such as demand patterns, availability of merchandise, distances involved and the option of using external carriers (who so-and-so find two way loads and might prove a lesser apostrophize option over long distances) instead of own vehicles. While it might be possible to use complex mathematical formulas by hand to com pute the best solution, computers transform the whole process into a routine task of feeding certain cultivation as input and obtaining suggestions for best solutions as output.The task stub typicly be done in a few minutes (instead of hours or even days) and it becomes possible to examine several(prenominal) alternatives before deciding upon one that seems most realistic. Identifying problems and analysing the factors that cause them besides has been transformed by modern computer entropy formations. In a typical MIS environment, touchstone reports are generated in a routine manner comparing actual death penalty against original estimates. The software that generates the report can be instructed to highlight exceptions, i.e. world-shaking variations between original estimates and actual performance. Managers exit thus become aware of problem areas in the daily course of their work simply by look at the reports they receive, without having to do detailed entropy collecti on and computations themselves. Identifying the factors responsible for the problem can also be routinized to close to extent by using such alsols as variance analysis.Variance analysis is an element of standard costing system that splits deviations from estimates (or standards) into causative factors such as increase in price of materials employ, unwarranted usage of materials, unexpected machine downtimes, etc. With such a detailed report, managers can delve deeper into the problem factor, such as why there was extravagant usage of materials. Control is also exercised through and through variance analysis. Budgets are prepared for all business operations by touch on managers working in a coordinated fashion. For example, estimated sales volumes will determine the levels of occupation production levels will determine raw material purchases and so on. With soundly culture system management, it thence becomes possible to generate timely reports comparing actual sales, produ ction, raw material deliveries, etc against estimated levels.The reports will help managers to keep a watch on things and take tonic action quickly. For example, the production manager will become aware of falling sales (or rising sales) of particular products and can prepare to make adjustments in production schedules, and purchasing and inventory managers will become quickly aware of any mounting inventories of unused materials. MIS thus enhances the quality of communication all or so and can significantly improve the effectiveness of operations control.Effective MIS Involves Humans and Computers Working together The major aspect to note is that MIS suffers only the information it is the responsibility of concerned managers to act on the information. It is the synergy between efficient, accurate and speedy equipment and humans with common land sense, intelligence and judgment that really gives power to MIS. As a charter accountant with business management qualifications and d ecades of exposure to business in senior to top level positions, Gopinathan helps small to medium businesses with new business start-up, business performance improvement and marketing. He uses structured business modelling techniques to help with all these, and has launched a business support website to provide the help in a expedient manner irrespective of geographical distances and boundaries.SignificanceInformation technology has grown to permeate the business world, affecting how companies make and market their products, as puff up as how people communicate and accomplish their jobs in modern organizations. Specialized software shapes best-practices and industry standards, continually changing the face of business in almost either way. Information technology management includes many of the basic functions of management, such as staffing, organizing, budgeting and control, but it also has functions that are unique to IT, such as software development, shift management, network planning and tech support. Generally, IT is used by organizations to support and compliment their business operations. The advantages brought about by having a dedicated IT department are too great for most organizations to pass up. Some organizations actually use IT as the centre of their business.Positive Impact on BusinessFirst off, I.T. affects how businesses go about with their usual routine. For instance the technology allows companies to go paperless, depending only on digital databases to store important data. Many pundits see this as a risk isnt digital data flimsy and unreliable, they ask. But the shift offers several benefits as wellincluding reduction in operational cost, since the business no longer has to get or rent space or equipment just to store data. Information Technology also affects the accuracy of business operations. When a company uses a computerized accountancy system instead of relying on a real live accountant, they eliminate (or, at the very least, si gnificantly reduce) human error. And because such systems allow for faster operations, the companys workers can concentrate on more pressing tasks.The impact of the Management Information musical arrangementThe impact of MIS on the functions is in its management. With a good MIS support, the management of marketing, finance, production and someonenel becomes more efficient, the classing and monitoring the functional targets becomes easy. The functional managers are informed about the progress, achievements and shortfalls in the activity and the targets. The manager is unbroken alert by providing certain information indicating the probable trends in the various aspects of business. This helps in forecasting and long-term perspective planning. The manager attention is brought to a situation which is exceptional in nature, inducing him to take an action or a decision in the matter. A disciplined information reporting system creates a structured database and a knowledge base for all the people in the organization. The information is available in such a form that it can be used straight away or by blending and analysis, saving the managers valuable time.The MIS creates another impact in the organization which relates to the spirit of the business itself. The MIS begins with the definition of a data entity and its attributes. It uses a dictionary of data, entity and attributes, respectively, knowing for information generation in the organization. Since all the information systems use the dictionary, there is common understanding of terms and terminology in the organization bringing clarity in the communication and a similar understanding of an event in the organization. The MIS calls for a systemization of the business operations for an effective system design. This leads to streamlining of the operations which complicate the system design.It improves the administration of the business by bringing a discipline in its operations everybody is required to follow and use systems and procedures. This process brings a high degree of professionalism in the business operations. Since the goals and objective of the MIS are the products of business goals and objectives, it helps indirectly to pull the broad(a) organization in one direction towards the corporate goals and objectives by providing the relevant information to the people in the organization. A well designed system with a focus on the manager makes an impact on the managerial efficiency. The fund of information motivates an enlightened manager to use a variety of tools of the management. It helps him to resort to such exercises as experimentation and modelling. The use of computers enables him to use the tools and techniques which are impossible to use manually. The ready-make packages make this task simpler. The impact is on the managerial ability to perform. It improves the decision making ability considerably.Communications TechnologyLeveraging advances in communications technology is imperative to surviving in the modern business world. Advances in cellular phone technology have revolutionized the way businesspeople communicate with clients, employees, suppliers and strategic partners. The Internet has revolutionized the marketing function in addition to opening up a wide range of communication options. Modern smartphones are changing the game yet again with the introduction of new and innovative applications. A small business owner can now access a web-based customer relationship management run on a smartphone from anywhere in the world, for example, allowing him to obtain bouncy data about contacts before making calls.AccessibilityBy making communication more convenient, communication technology has helped to make communication more accessible, specially long-distance communication. Through various computer-mediated communication methodscommunication done through the use of a computer, such as email, instant messages, and social networking websitesyou ca n intimately and instantly communicate with people in other cities, states and countries. This is vastly different from early forms of long-distance communication. Early forms of long-distance communication included the use of put up pigeons and/or runners to carry a message to its destination. How long a message would take before reaching its destination depended on the distance between the person sending the message and the person receiving the message.Mass CommunicationOrganizations, like schools and businesses, use electronic communication to share information with a large number of people. Businesses can send plenteousness emails to employees in order to inform workers about things like rule changes and important meetings. Many academic institutions use mass communication in order to maintain a well-informed campus. In case of an emergency, such as a spreading fire or presence of an armed assailant, mass communication can quickly inform people of the situation, giving enough notice to allow people to take the necessary actions to stay safe. Computer-mediated communication can be socially beneficial.For people who are socially awkward, computer-mediated communication such as online forums and chat rooms can help create a more fulfilling social life. For example, someone who fails at personal relationships because he speaks before thinking about the consequences has more control with Internet communication. He can read lynchpin his statements before posting, which will likely reduce the number of awkward moments the person creates. Communication technology offers other benefits, as well. Dating websites, for instance, can relieve some of the frustration involved with dating by allowing you to view the profiles of potential dates so you can determine who is the best match for you. This can save you both time and heartbreak.ConsiderationsWhile information technology solutions can contribute to the success of your organization, there are a number of unique costs to consider. In addition to the cost of implementing an IT solution, you must employ highly educated and specialized workers to maintain, monitor, expand and repair your IT infrastructure.Question 4 The role of hospital has changed from medical instigateance to health care. What are the important information systems required to be considered while implementing front-end application development for hospital management?HOSPITAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (HIS)A hospital information system (HIS) is essentially a computer system that can manage all the information to allow health care providers to do their jobs effectively. These systems have been around since they were first introduced in the 1960s and have evolved with time and the modernization of healthcare facilities. The computers were not as fast in those days and they were not able to provide information in real time as they do today. The staff used them primarily for managing billing and hospital inventory. All this has change d now, and today hospital information systems include the integration of all clinical, pecuniary and administrative applications.Modern HIS includes many applications addressing the needs of various departments in a hospital. They manage the data related to the clinic, finance department, laboratory, nurse, pharmacy and also the radiology and pathology departments. The hospitals that have switched to HIS have access to quick and reliable information including patient roles records illustrating details about their demographics, gender, age etc. By a simple click of the mouse they receive important data pertaining to hospital finance systems, diet of patients, and even the distribution of medications. With this information they can monitor medicate usage in the facility and improve its effectiveness. Many hospitals have as many as 200 disparate systems combined into their HIS.Hospital information systems have become very advanced and new innovations are continuously being introduc ed. But a HIS is useless if it confuses the hospital employees. The system must be substance abuser friendly and should include training by the vendors. A good HIS offers numerous benefits to a hospital including but not limited to the delivery of quality patient care and better financial management. The HIS should also be patient centric, medical staff centric, affordable and scalable. The technology changes quickly and if the system is not flexible it will not be able to accommodate hospital growth.COMPONENTSIt can be composed of one or a few software components with specialty-specific extensions as well as of a large variety of sub-systems in medical specialties* Laboratory Information outline (LIS)* Radiology Information schema (RIS)* Clinical Information System (CIS)* Nursing Information Systems (NIS)* Pharmacy Information System (PIS)SOFTWARE COMPONENTSoftware Component is a system element offering a predefined service or event, and able to communicate with other components. It should be * Multiple-use* Non-context-specific* Compostable with other components (inter relationship with other components)* Encapsulated i.e., non-investigable through its interfaces* A unit of independent deployment and versioningLaboratory Information System (LIS)Laboratory Information System (LIS) is a software based laboratory and information management system that offers a set of key features that support a modern laboratorys operations. Those key features include but are not limited to workflow and data tracking support, flexible architecture, and smart data exchange interfaces, which fully support its use in regulated environments. The features and uses of a LIMS have evolved over the years from simple sample tracking to an enterprise alternative planning tool that manages multiple aspects of laboratory informatics. Due to the rapid pace at which laboratories and their data management needs shift, the definition of LIMS has become somewhat controversial. As the needs o f the modern laboratory vary widely from lab to lab, what is needed from a laboratory information management system also shifts. The end bequeath the definition of a LIMS will shift based on who you ask and what their vision of the modern lab.Radiology Information System (RIS)A radiology information system (RIS) is a networked software suite for managing medical imagery and associated data. An RIS is especially useful for managing radiological records and associated data in a multiple locations and is often used in conjunction with a picture archiving and communication system (PACS) to manage work flow and billing. An RIS has several basic functionsPatient management* An RIS can track a patients entire workflow within the radiology department images and reports can be added to and retrieved from electronic medical records (EMRs) and viewed by authorized radiology staff.Scheduling* Appointments can be made for both in- and out-patients with specific radiology staff.Patient tracking* A patients entire radiology news report can be tracked from admission to discharge. The history can be coordinated with past, present and future appointments.Results reporting* An RIS can generate statistical reports for a single patient, group of patients or particular procedure.Film tracking* An RIS can track individual films and their associate data.Billing* An RIS facilitates detailed financial record-keeping, electronic payments and change claims submission.Clinical Information System (CIS)Clinical Information System is a collection of various information technology applications that provides a centralized repository of information related to patient care across distributed locations. This repository represents the patients history of illnesses and interactions with providers by encoding knowledge capable of helping clinicians decide about the patients condition, treatment options, and wellness activities. The repository also encodes the status of decisions, actions underway for those decisions, and relevant information that can help in performing those actions. The database could also hold other information about the patient, including genetic, environmental, and social contexts.Features * access the medical literature * ask clinical or administrative questions of aggregates of patient data, * receive robotic warnings or suggestions when the patients data satisfy certain logical rules * receive critiques when proposing therapies or purchase order diagnostic tests, * access guidelines for standards of care* analyse trade-offs and the likeliness of alternative outcomes (decision analysis) * receive lists of differential diagnosesNursing Information System (NIS)Nursing information systems is a type of health care management system. It helps nurses use their nursing skills and computer knowledge within a health care environment. A nursing information system has different features and benefits.FeaturesNurses can self-schedule work hours based on their w ork shift and departmental needs. Staff nurse managers or nursing administrators can review each nurses schedule and make approvals. another(prenominal) nursing information system feature includes documenting patient care plans.BenefitsOne nursing information system benefit includes saving time. For instance, nursing managers can patronage a nurses work availability without contacting each nurse. Nurses can review a patients treatment plan when working outdoors the office, such as a home care nurse.Pharmacy Information System (PIS)Pharmacy information systems (PIS) are complex computer systems that have been designed to meet the needs of a pharmacy department. Through the use of such systems, pharmacists can supervise and have inputs on how medication is used in a hospital. Some of the activities which Pharmacy Information Systems have been employed in pharmacy departments includeClinical ScreeningThe Pharmacy Information System can assist in patient care by the monitoring of drug interactions, drug allergies and other possible medication-related complications. When a prescription medicine order is entered, the system can harmonise to see if there are any interactions between two or more drugs taken by the patient simultaneously or with any typical food, any known allergies to the drug, and if the appropriate dosage has been given based on the patients age, weight and other physiologic factors. Alerts and flags come up when the system picks up any of these.Prescription ManagementThe Pharmacy Information System can also be used to manage prescription for inpatients and/or outpatients. When prescription orders are received, the orders are matched to available pharmaceutical products and then dispensed accordingly depending on whether the patient is an inpatient or outpatient. It is possible to track all prescriptions passed through the system from who prescribed the drug, when it was prescribed to when it was dispensed. It is also possible to print out presc ription labels and instructions on how medication should be taken based on the prescription.Inventory ManagementPharmacies require a continuous inventory culture in order to ensure that drugs do not go out of stock. This is made even more difficult when there are multiple dispensing points. When don manually it is very difficult to maintain an accurate inventory. Pharmacy Information Systems promote inventory management by maintaining an internal inventory of all pharmaceutical products, providing alerts when the quantity of an item is below a set quantity and providing an electronic ordering system that recommends the ordering of the affected item and with the appropriate quantity from approved suppliers.Patient Drug ProfilesThese are patient profiles managed by the Pharmacy Information System and contain details of their current and past medications, known allergies and physiological parameters. These profiles are used for used for clinical screening anytime a prescription is ord ered for the patient. state GenerationMost Pharmacy Information Systems can generate reports which range from determining medication usage patterns in the hospital to the cost of drugs purchased and /or dispensed.Interactivity with other systemsIt is important that Pharmacy Information Systems should be able to interact with other available systems such as the clinical information systems to receive prescription orders and financial information system for billing and charging.

Comparative Study of Texts

The module comparative study of texts should remain in the dialog box of Studies syllabus as it can provide a powerful insight into the human condition and social values of an era. The wanton Away by Michael Gow and poems publish in Sometimes Gladness written by Bruce Dawe ar both texts which reflect similar conditions that the typical person living in suburban Australia amidst the 1950s and 1960s experienced. There were many significant events that took place during these two decades such as the aftermath of the abundant Depression and the countrys phalanx involvement in the Vietnam War.These incidents led to an surfacebreak in excessive consumerism and rising conflict amongst the Australian population on the subject of conscription. Through the analysis of the preceding(prenominal) mentioned texts, comparisons can be established. The 1950s and 1960s saw the beginning of a very consumerist Australian society where by treasured values were replaced with superficiality. In th e play Away, Gwens obsessive longing for all told things materialistic began to take over her animateness and affect the relationships she had with her family.The diminishing ideals of the pre-boomer generation atomic number 18 the resultant of the Great Depression which occurred in the late 1920s and early 1930s. Many Australians were left unemployed which gave them the inability to support themselves with a home or even a decent meal. On the left hand side, you can see two men walking hatful the streets with signs hung around their neck on the lookout for a job so they are able to efficiently provide for their family. In Gwens confrontation with daughter Meg whilst being accused of purposely going Jims cardboard carton behind containing Christmas presents, she explains how she has SacrificedGone without. Gone through hardship so what happened to us will neer happen to you. So youll never know what we saw never, never, never. The short sentences followed by the repetition o f the word never give emphasis to Gwens devastating situation as she recalls the difficult stand for in her life that unless you were in the same circumstances, will never be able to understand. On the right hand side of the slide shows a family unit formed by Australian currency. This represents both Gwen and Jims desire to live the Australian Dream of home ownership.Gwens money-oriented nature often causes her to look down on others who she believes are not entitled to the privileges she is as they have not worked for it. While in discussion with Meg about Toms family and their approaching holiday she says They both work dont they? In a factory, isnt it? Im sure thats what I heard. A lean-to. They shouldnt be going on a holiday if they cant afford one. Gwen generalizes their family in contrast to the hardships she financially struggled with in her adolescence that she persisted through to earn what she has today.These agone experiences have made her appreciate the value of mon ey to which she vows to never have to live so miserably ever again. Likewise, similar concepts regarding increased consumerism in this peculiar(a) time period can be seen in Dawes Enter Without So Much as Knocking. This poem follows stages of a man whose life since birth is built on consumerism. The 1950s were a time where social values regarding consumerism were substantially changing, especially as a result of the new advances in technology.The television, being one of the major developments only started to become mainstream in Australia a few years before this poem was published. The poem opens with a new natural baby being introduced into a hectic fast city paced lifestyle. The first words heard when carried into the front door were Bobby Dazzler on Channel 7, Hello, hello, hello all you lucky people. The repetition of the word hello gives emphasis on the irony of the materialistic world the child just has entered into. Although Bobby Dazzler refers to the viewers as lucky, t he immoral morals and lack of human emotion that the child is exposed to would suggest otherwise.The photo on the left shows a person who is surrounded by materialistic objects along with the word consume to show how the persona in the plays whole life revolves around consumerism. Consumerist attitudes are also seen later in to the poem, when the family are defined as a Well-equipped smoothly-run household, using labels that would typically be given to commercial products when advertising. The hyphenated words create an extended listing effect that would come out of the closet when reading product descriptions before considering buying.This dehumanizes the family as if they have been purchased as objects and have not been described based on personal characteristics thus demonstrating how consumerism has completely undone our lives. This idea is represented in the deceptive picture on the right, with the phrase Consumerism is killing us all, however with few letters blurred out le aves the words Consumerism is in us all. The Vietnam War was another prime concern which had a massive impact on both the veterans and their loved ones during the 1960s. Specifically, the base of conscription laws within Australia were very ontroversial as the public felt that they should not be forcefully sent overseas, but instead used for home defending team only. In Away, it is learnt that Roy and red coral have lost their son at war after he was randomly selected through the conscription method of recruiting troops. twain coral and Roy have different approaches to coping with the loss of their son which begins to threaten their relationship. Roy sees his sons involvement in the war as a component to a country with one of the highest living standards on earth. leaving his wife Coral who is still clearly distraught from the outcome, without any emotional support.After the school play, Coral awaits her husband alone outside where through monologue, is able to address her ex act thoughts out loud to the audience. Coral has been moved by A Midsummer shadows Dream, in particular Toms role who she cannot help but think of her young and innocent son who was taken remote far too early. She makes a direct reference to her son Is it better for them to die like that? Through the soliloquy it is evident that Coral is incapable of dealing with the pain and despair the world has to offer, leaving her in an unstable state.The image on the left is of a young Australian veteran who was called up in the first intake of national servicemen under the conscription scheme, who would have been placed in the exact situation as Roy and Corals son. Later on in the play, Roy confronts Coral about her inability to control her low-spirited behaviour around people when she is at school functions and that Roy is also still suffering but doesnt look included in the mourning of their son. Roy attempts to reassure Coral that there are other families out there who have been victi mised by the repercussions of the war with the lines But.But. We are not the only ones. The uses of short sentences are far more powerful in meaning as they are straight to the point in his efforts to solace Coral from the tragedy. Coral is only one of a few mothers who were outraged due to conscription. On the right, you can see an anti-conscription protest by a grouping of women called Save Our Sons who formed to counter conscription and in general the war. Identical themes with regards to the nations involvement in the Vietnam War and the negative response from the Australian public can be seen in Bruce Dawes Homecoming.The poem is about the process of bringing home deceased bodies from the war who were originally conscripted to excite on behalf of their country. The title itself Homecoming is used in such a sarcastic manner, drawing all attention to the irony. The concept of a homecoming would broadly speaking call for a celebration and overall give us a warm sensation, howe ver that is not the case for the return of the dead soldiers stripped of their dignity. In the first opening lines of the poem, the procedure of how the bodies are collected for their arrival home are described using graphic terms.Through the use of visual imagery, the mistreatment of the corpses is shown in lines theyre zipping them up in green plastic bags which dehumanize the veterans by their absence of individuality. On the left shows luggage on the tarmac at Vung Tau, a few days before the Vietnam veterans returned home. The enormity of the war is represented towards the end of the poem through the metaphorical the roamer grief swings in his bitter geometry. Dawe refers to a spiders web to portray the widespread affect the war had on the family and friends within the community who are still grieving.The image on the right shows a soldier being greeted by his young children, who was fortunate enough to arrive home unscathed, unlike many of his fellow war mates. As you can see , exploring think themes of consumerism and conscription in Bruce Dawes poems Enter Without So Much as Knocking and Homecoming along with Michael Gows play Away allow us to gain an insight into the human condition and social values of an era that we would otherwise not be able to understand on such outmatch through a study of one of them individually. In saying so, the Board of Studies should reconsider removing the module from the syllabus.

Energy Drinks Essay

Something I learned in my last Health var. is the ever-increasing use of todays new Energy Drinks. Caffeine is the single most used drug in the States. How many of us must oblige that morning cup of coffee before heading out the door? How many college students are staying up late at night preparing for a mid-term or final exam by drink these new, all natural, safe, energy drinks? You may want to read their labels and adjust your thinking. You may want to include a pocketable research in regards to these drinks. At this time in that respect is no long-term research to report on in regards to energy drinks.What we do know is that these drinks necessitate a variety of ingredients such as ginseng, amino acids, ginkgo, various vitamins, and high amounts of sugar. However, the primary active energy ingredient is caffein. At this time, the FDA does not regulate the amounts of caffein that are in these drinks. They suggest that within a 12-ounce beverage serving the amount of caffein e should be 68 milligrams or less. A report promulgated by the Journal of Analytical Toxicology showed that of ten of the most popular energy drinks had as high as 141 milligrams in one 16-ounce serving.The following 12-ounce energy drinks showed, nut at 120 milligrams, Red Bull at 116 milligrams, and Amp contained 107 milligrams of caffeine. To give a comparison, look at Coke and Pepsi. They only contain between 34 to 38 milligrams of caffeine. Energy drinks have risen significantly in popularity in the last few stratums with revenues exceeding $3. 5 billion a year and growing. One report states that with the new found popularity there are growing concerns of the possible health effects among children, adolescents, and young adults.It states that 30 to 50 percent of America drinks energy drinks. Of this amount they report that one third are from the ages of 12 to 24 devour these beverages on a daily basis. Due to these beverages being chilled makes them easier to consume quickly . High doses of caffeine have been linked to seizures, cardiac problems, mood or behavioral dis tack togethers, and diabetes. Additionally, these problems have been linked specifically to the consumption of energy drinks among children, teens, and young adults. in that respect has been a growing concern amongst the medical community, parents, and school officials in regards to these energy drinks on our youth. Numerous reports are being found to the adverse affects these high caffeine drinks are responsible for. The Illinois Poison Control Center reported in a recent survey of more than 250 cases of caffeine overdose in a three-year period. The average age of these accounts was 21. A doctor from California reports that an eighteen year young man received treatment for an abnormal heart rhythm afterwards consuming eight 16-ounce energy drinks per evening to remain alert during his night job.Another growing concern is the use of these energy drinks as a mixer with alcohol. A study f rom 2006 showed that the individuals surveyed were just as impaired in motor coordination and reaction time as individuals drinking alcohol alone. As stated earlier, there is not much evidence on the effects of long-term use of caffeine on children or teenagers. It is known that it can create physiological and psychological dependence in adults. This being true, we must do everything possible to protect our children from these non-regulated beverages.We need to insist on more research to be conducted in order to better inform the public of the consequences of the consumption of these highly-caffeinated energy drinks and the adverse effects they have on our youth.(Word Count 606) Flores, D. (2011, 03 16). Health Effect of Energy Drinks on Children, Adolescents, and early Adults, Retrieved 07 12, 2012, from ArticlesBase. com http//www. articlesbase. com/wellness-articles/health-effects-of-energy-drinks-on-children-adolescents-and-young-adults-4423299. html.

Last Child in the Woods

Last Child in the Woods, Saving Our Children from Nature-Deficit Disorder by Richard Louv is an inspirational curb. Richard Louv mainly dialog most children not attemptting enough exposure to nature and all the problems that be caused from it such as school (academically), behavior, health, horny feelings, anxiety and depression. He explains that children from the age of six to eleven rates of obesity has increased and two egress of ten American children be obese because kind of of going outside and funing they are sitting in the house watching TV or on the computer.In 1983 Howard Gardner came up with seven intelligences, and recently he added a new one naturalist intelligence. When this describes a person it means they are able to recognize plants, animals and legion(predicate) other parts of nature which everyone should be able to do. Not only are the characterizations of this additional intelligence just being able to recognize parts of nature, but the person has to re strain a love for, an interest for and care about nature and all its parts. Physical Education in schools is not how it was when I was in school.Children only get about 30 minutes and that usually contains them doing an organized sport they may not be interested in or and running from one fence to another. When Louv talks about children being outside in nature, which does not mean on the blacktop, he refers to a commonalty theatre of operations. Schools are also beginning to cut out recess, which all children need. Research says nature can be used as a theory for children with ADHD and can some(prenominal)times take the place of their medication, Ritalin.The much green children with ADHD and ADD are rough the break dance they are all together, especially in school. They are able to focus and concentrate more than, have a higher attention span, they are more creative, get a languish better with others, are able to deal with peer pressure, and lead have a better behavior. Ther e are m whatsoever teenagers who have never been outside of their urban city and have never been in a green area for a long period of time. Once they have that experience that will change their whole life and there way of supposeing.They will know and rede how beautiful and important nature is to them and others. Computers are beginning to take over schools and because of that music classes are being dropped and art classes are becoming less(prenominal) and less hands-on and have less to do with nature. What school districts and some educators fail to understand is nature helps with childrens cognitive learning. Many children are associating outside with fear. They are afraid to go outside and wander by themselves.Sometimes part of that fear comes from their parents trying to protect them and corpulent them about strangers, and about people getting wound little do they know that instead of helping parents are putting fear in their children. If a child is bored, one thing they ca n do is go outside. Children do not like going outside or being around nature often, but if you expose children to nature while they are still babies they will learn to find interest for it and the child will rarely complain about being bored. Nature builds self confidence, which a carry on of young children lack, it also makes them stronger.Nature is no where in the schools curriculum, but it is important for educators to add it in as many ways as they possibly can. The problem is some educators fail to realize how important nature is to children. When I begin teaching I plan to have some of my class outside in the green, sitting on the grass and or underneath a tree. When the whether permits we will have our reading and meditation time outside for sure. Our meditation time will be time for the children to get everything out of there system that is stressing them in any way.I will try my best to implement nature into my as many of my lessons as I can. The classroom will be full of plants and a couple of abject classroom pets, and it will be the students debt instrument to take care of them. That will help them to learn to love, respect, appreciate, care for and how to take care of nature. Even just having plants and animals inside the classroom will help the children with their familiar lives and during the day especially when the whether does not permit us to go outside and savour what nature has to offer.Children in environmental based programs tend to do better then those students in traditional programs. Taking the students on field trips that have to do with the lesson tends to be very effective. The children seem to take in more and enjoy it better then just sitting in a classroom. From the age of learning to walk and being able to play outside without my florists chrysanthemum to primary school my childhood was very similar to the baby-boomers in this book.I use to climb trees, make mud pies with my best friend, go in the woods just to play hide -and-seek, play in the rain fully clothed, etc. I remember when I was in middle school I would rush to get through with my homework so I could go outside and play with my friends in my neighborhood. We did not play in green areas as much as we contend on paved roads, but just being outside felt wonderful. When I was not allowed to go outside with my friends on weekdays and weekends, I remember I would cry because I loved being outside that much.We would ride our bikes and scooters or skate downtown to the boardwalk, play basketball, kickball and other kind of sports in the church, that most of us attended, parking lot that was near to our houses. It wasnt until I was in the eighth grade when going outside was no long interesting to me. I was more interested in playing computer games, games on my play station, watching TV or just talking on the phone to my friends. Similar to the book, around that time my mom was scared to let me go too far from the house, because she was afraid som ething might happen to me.I had to be in front of the house by the time the street lights came on. Just like what was happening to a couple of the children in the book, I think my mom trying to protect me by telling me dont go too far, because something might happen scared me more than anything else and that might be what made me enjoy being inside more. I remember when I was in about sixth or seventh grade, my family and I went on a skiing trip in northern Virginia. My step-dad, mom and I drove from South Carolina to Sterling, Virginia to meet my aunt, her husband and their two children. The next morning at about five oclock A.M. we began loading the pile for the ride to the ski touch on. I know on the ride to the resort the scenery was beautiful, but just like any other child would do I slept, listened to my CDs, and played with my cousin, instead of paying attention to nature as we rode by the mountains and more. Once we finally arrived after what seemed like a long drive I sta rted to feel myself getting excited, because unlike my aunt and her family I never went skiing. The next day we went to the slopes and I had the best time I think I ever had still to this day. I really got a chance to see how beautiful nature really is.I took ski lessons and would ski on the small slope over and over again until I was comfortable enough to accomplish the true slope. In order to get to the top of the slope you had to get on this ride that took you all the way to the top, which allowed people to see everything. That was a very beautiful site we looked down on the whole ski resort and the area around it, with the snow on the trees and Greenland. I turn over this trip and my trips to Hawaii and Barbados are what made me fall in love with nature. After see the beautiful scenery and the clear blue water in the islands,I began to love, cherish, care for, and become interested in nature more than I was prior to the vacations. This book is very important to science educati on, because science is the simplest subject to incorporate nature into. Educators can almost add the students being in contact with nature to any lesson on their curriculum pattern for their grade level. When most students reach high school science becomes boring and the subject they despise the most and I believe a phenomenal way to keep them involved and interested in science is by implementing nature in the lessons